Red Hat NETSCAPE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 6.0 - COMMAND-LINE Manuel d'utilisateur télécharger pdf (Page 26)

File Editing and Scripts

Vi - File Editor

vi filename

Press Insert key to type in inert mode

Press Escape key to leave insert and enter edit mode

To search, type /string and Enter

Search & replace on a line, type :s/oldpattern/newpattern/

Global search & replace, :%s/oldpattern/newpattern/g

Add a c at end of line if you want to confirm each change

:%s/oldpattern/newpattern/gc

:wq = write file (save) and quit

:q! = quit without saving

. = repeat last command

de = delete to end

dd = delete line

dw = delete word

u = undo last command (can be used multiple times)

yy = copy

cc = cut

p = paste

Batch file Linux uses scripts rather than batch files. There are three steps to creating a

script.

1. Design the script

2. Type it into a text file

3. Set the file’s attributes to tell Linux that it’s a script file (chmod a+x

filename)

Ok, so let’s walk through it. Here’s an extremely simple script that just

echoes back whatever you type in, called sayit:

echo $1

Change to your home directory. Use vi to create the script by typing vi

sayit. Then hit the Insert key and type echo $1. Press the ESC key. Now

type :x to save and exit. Type cat sayit to type out the file and verify it.

Finally, type chmod a+x sayit to make Linux see it as a script file.

Now type ./sayit “Hello World” and you should see Hello World echoed

back to the screen (we used quotes because there was a space, just like

Windows). Note that you have to type the whole path, even if you’re sitting

in the same directory.

Here’s another one, using a variable. Change the line echo $1 to echo Hello

$USERNAME. Then save and run it. Check it out! Linux has environment

variables similar to Windows. While Windows variables are surrouned by

% (i.e. %username$) Linux is simply preceded by a $.

echo to email echo “this is my text to email” | mail [email protected]

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Red Hat NETSCAPE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 6.0 - COMMAND-LINE Manuel d'utilisateur Page 26